πŸ“ Lesson 12: Conjunctions - Explanation & Review

μ ‘μ†μ‚¬μ˜ μ’…λ₯˜μ™€ μš©λ²•

단어, ꡬ, μ ˆμ„ μ—°κ²°ν•˜λŠ” 문법적 연결고리

접속사 μ—­ν• 

단어-단어 μ—°κ²°

λ¬Έμž₯-λ¬Έμž₯ μ—°κ²°

아이디어 관계 ν‘œν˜„

3κ°€μ§€ μ’…λ₯˜

λ“±μœ„μ ‘μ†μ‚¬
쒅속접속사
상관접속사

λ“±μœ„μ ‘μ†μ‚¬

FANBOYS

for, and, nor, but

or, yet, so

쒅속접속사

μ‹œκ°„: when, while

이유: because, since

쑰건: if, unless

λŒ€μ‘°: although, though

상관접속사

both...and

either...or

neither...nor

not only...but also

🎯 μ ‘μ†μ‚¬μ˜ 핡심 μ—­ν• 

접속사 = μ—°κ²°ν•˜λŠ” 단어
단어 + 접속사 + 단어 = μ—°κ²°λœ 의미
λ¬Έμž₯ + 접속사 + λ¬Έμž₯ = 볡합적 사고 ν‘œν˜„

πŸ”— 1. λ“±μœ„μ ‘μ†μ‚¬ (Coordinating Conjunctions)

FANBOYS - λ™λ“±ν•œ 관계 μ—°κ²°

Independent Clause

λ…λ¦½μ ˆ

FANBOYS
Independent Clause

λ…λ¦½μ ˆ

FANBOYS 상세 μš©λ²•

접속사 의미 μ˜ˆμ‹œ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄
For 이유 (because) I stayed home, for it was raining. λΉ„κ°€ μ™€μ„œ 집에 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€
And μΆ”κ°€/λ‚˜μ—΄ I like apples and oranges. 사과와 μ˜€λ Œμ§€λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•œλ‹€
Nor λΆ€μ • λ‚˜μ—΄ I don't like coffee, nor do I like tea. 컀피도 차도 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€
But λŒ€μ‘°/λ°˜λŒ€ She is smart, but she is lazy. λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 게으λ₯΄λ‹€
Or 선택 Would you like tea or coffee? μ°¨λ₯Ό λ“œμ‹€κΉŒμš”, 컀피λ₯Ό λ“œμ‹€κΉŒμš”?
Yet μ˜ˆμƒκ³Ό λ°˜λŒ€ He studied hard, yet he failed. μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆλ‹€
So κ²°κ³Ό It was late, so I went home. λŠ¦μ–΄μ„œ 집에 κ°”λ‹€

단어 μ—°κ²°

  • "cats and dogs" - 고양이와 개
  • "big but slow" - ν¬μ§€λ§Œ 느린
  • "tea or coffee" - μ°¨ λ˜λŠ” 컀피

λ¬Έμž₯ μ—°κ²°

  • "I study, and she plays" - λ‚˜λŠ” κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κ³ , κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ…Όλ‹€
  • "He's kind, but strict" - μΉœμ ˆν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ—„κ²©ν•˜λ‹€
  • "Hurry up, or you'll be late" - μ„œλ‘˜λŸ¬, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λŠ¦λŠ”λ‹€

πŸ”— 2. 쒅속접속사 (Subordinating Conjunctions)

주절과 μ’…μ†μ ˆμ„ μ—°κ²°

Main Clause

주절 (독립 κ°€λŠ₯)

쒅속접속사
Subordinate Clause

μ’…μ†μ ˆ (의쑴적)

μ‹œκ°„ (Time)

when, while, after, before, since, until

"I'll call you when I arrive" - λ„μ°©ν•˜λ©΄ μ „ν™”ν• κ²Œ

"While you were sleeping, I studied" - λ„€κ°€ μžλŠ” λ™μ•ˆ κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆμ–΄

이유 (Reason)

because, since, as

"I'm happy because you came" - λ„€κ°€ μ™€μ„œ 행볡해

"Since it's raining, stay inside" - λΉ„κ°€ μ˜€λ‹ˆκΉŒ μ•ˆμ— μžˆμ–΄

쑰건 (Condition)

if, unless, provided that

"If it rains, I'll stay home" - λΉ„κ°€ 였면 집에 μžˆμ„κ²Œ

"I won't go unless you come" - λ„€κ°€ μ˜€μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ μ•ˆ 갈래

λŒ€μ‘° (Contrast)

although, though, even though, whereas

"Although he's young, he's wise" - μ–΄λ¦¬μ§€λ§Œ ν˜„λͺ…ν•˜λ‹€

"I like summer, whereas she likes winter" - λ‚˜λŠ” 여름을, κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ²¨μšΈμ„ μ’‹μ•„ν•œλ‹€

λͺ©μ  (Purpose)

so that, in order that

"I study hard so that I can pass" - ν•©κ²©ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ κ³΅λΆ€ν•œλ‹€

"Speak louder so that everyone can hear" - λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 듀을 수 있게 크게 말해

πŸ’‘ 쒅속접속사 μœ„μΉ˜ κ·œμΉ™

μ’…μ†μ ˆμ΄ 뒀에 올 λ•Œ

콀마 μ—†μŒ

"I'll go if you come"

"She cried because she was sad"

μ’…μ†μ ˆμ΄ μ•žμ— 올 λ•Œ

콀마 ν•„μš”

"If you come, I'll go"

"Because she was sad, she cried"

πŸ”— 3. 상관접속사 (Correlative Conjunctions)

쌍으둜 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 접속사

both
β€’β€’β€’
and

"Both Tom and Mary are students" - ν†°κ³Ό 메리 λ‘˜ λ‹€ 학생이닀

either
β€’β€’β€’
or

"Either you or I must go" - λ„ˆ λ˜λŠ” λ‚΄κ°€ κ°€μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€

neither
β€’β€’β€’
nor

"Neither coffee nor tea appeals to me" - 컀피도 차도 λ§ˆμŒμ— μ•ˆ λ“ λ‹€

not only
β€’β€’β€’
but also

"He is not only smart but also kind" - λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•  뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μΉœμ ˆν•˜λ‹€

Both...and (λ‘˜ λ‹€)

  • "Both English and Korean" - μ˜μ–΄μ™€ ν•œκ΅­μ–΄ λ‘˜ λ‹€
  • "Both students and teachers" - 학생듀과 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€ λ‘˜ λ‹€
  • "Both beautiful and intelligent" - 아름닡고 λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œ

Not only...but also

  • "Not only fast but also accurate" - λΉ λ₯Ό 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ •ν™•ν•œ
  • "Not only a teacher but also a writer" - μ„ μƒλ‹˜μΌ 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μž‘κ°€μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•œ
  • "Not only in Korea but also in Japan" - ν•œκ΅­λΏ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œλ„

βš–οΈ 상관접속사 병렬ꡬ쑰 (Parallel Structure)

ν‹€λ¦° μ˜ˆμ‹œ

❌ "Both singing and to dance" (ν˜•νƒœ 뢈일치)

❌ "Not only smart but also has kindness" (ꡬ쑰 뢈일치)

μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ μ˜ˆμ‹œ

βœ… "Both singing and dancing" (λ‘˜ λ‹€ ~ing)

βœ… "Not only smart but also kind" (λ‘˜ λ‹€ ν˜•μš©μ‚¬)

πŸ” 접속사 선택 κ°€μ΄λ“œ

상황별 접속사 선택

ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κ³  싢은 관계 접속사 μ˜ˆμ‹œ
μΆ”κ°€/λ‚˜μ—΄ and, both...and "I like apples and oranges"
λŒ€μ‘°/λ°˜λŒ€ but, although, whereas "He's young, but wise"
선택 or, either...or "Tea or coffee?"
이유 because, since, for "I'm happy because you're here"
μ‹œκ°„ when, while, before, after "Call me when you arrive"
쑰건 if, unless "If it rains, stay inside"
κ²°κ³Ό so, so that "It was late, so I left"

🚫 ν”ν•œ μ‹€μˆ˜λ“€

ν‹€λ¦° μ˜ˆμ‹œ

❌ "Because I was sick, so I stayed home" (쀑볡)

❌ "Although he's rich, but he's unhappy" (쀑볡)

❌ "Both he likes and she likes music" (병렬ꡬ쑰 μœ„λ°˜)

❌ "If you come I will go" (콀마 λˆ„λ½)

μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ μ˜ˆμ‹œ

βœ… "Because I was sick, I stayed home"

βœ… "Although he's rich, he's unhappy"

βœ… "Both he and she like music"

βœ… "If you come, I will go"

πŸƒβ€β™‚οΈ μ‹€μ „ μ—°μŠ΅: λ¬Έμž₯ μ—°κ²°

두 λ¬Έμž₯을 ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ

  • "I like music" + "I like movies" β†’ "I like music and movies"
  • "It's expensive" + "It's good quality" β†’ "It's expensive, but good quality"
  • "Study hard" + "You won't pass" β†’ "Unless you study hard, you won't pass"

관계 λͺ…ν™•νžˆ ν•˜κΈ°

  • 이유: "Because it was raining, I stayed inside"
  • μ‹œκ°„: "When I was young, I lived in Seoul"
  • 쑰건: "If you need help, call me"

πŸ“Œ μš”μ•½ (Summary)

접속사 3μ’…λ₯˜: λ“±μœ„(FANBOYS) | 쒅속(because, when, if...) | 상관(both...and...)

β€’ λ“±μœ„: λ™λ“±ν•œ 관계 μ—°κ²° | β€’ 쒅속: 주절-μ’…μ†μ ˆ μ—°κ²° (μ•žμ— 였면 콀마)

β€’ 상관: 쌍으둜 μ‚¬μš©, 병렬ꡬ쑰 ν•„μˆ˜ | β€’ λͺ©μ : λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ‚¬κ³ μ˜ 논리적 ν‘œν˜„